For over two years, the full-scale invasion of Ukraine by the Russian Federation has caused countless casualties and atrocities. The identification, apprehension, and prosecution of those responsible for violations of International Humanitarian Law (IHL) will take decades. Simultaneously, the traumatic experiences of victims will significantly shape their futures.

This report aims to explore the challenges faced by the Ukrainian criminal justice system in investigating and processing war crimes and conflict-related human rights violations resulting from the ongoing war. The report is supported by the UNDP projects "Promotion of Human Security in Ukraine through Responding to the Multidimensional Crisis Caused by the War," funded by the Government of Japan, and "Access to Justice for Victims of War Crimes in Ukraine." Victim Support Europe, an NGO, conducted an assessment of the needs of the Ukrainian criminal justice system.

The opinions, attitudes, and assessments contained in the report do not necessarily reflect those of the Government of Japan, the United Nations Development Programme, or other UN agencies.